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ObjectiveTo analyze the equity of medical and health resource allocation in 12 cities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and to provide policy suggestions for further optimizing the allocation of medical and health resources. MethodsBased on two dimensions of geography and population， a comprehensive evaluation of the equity of medical and health resource allocation was conducted using location entropy， health resource density index （HRDI）， entropy-weighted TOPSIS method， and GIS spatial analysis. ResultsLocation entropy showed that the allocation of medical resources in each league city exceeded or approached 1 in the population dimension， but less than 1 in the geography dimension. HRDI revealed that the number of health institutions in Tongliao City was 8.3 times that of Alxa League； the number of beds， health technical personnel， practicing （assistant） physicians， and registered nurses in Wuhai City was 20.3 times， 18.2 times， 15.2 times， and 22.7 times that of Alxa League. The entropy-weighted TOPSIS method showed that the top three weighted indicators were registered nurses （24.14%）， health technical personnel （22.63%）， and practicing （assistant） physicians （21.13%）. Allocation of medical resources in Hulunbuir City， Xilinguole League， and Alashan League was significantly inequitable； GIS spatial analysis showed that the equity of medical resource allocation exhibited a decreasing distribution pattern from the central region to the western and eastern regions. ConclusionThere is a significant disparity in the equity of medical and health resource allocation among various leagues and cities， with resource allocation in the population dimension being better than in the geographical dimension. Allocation of medical and health human resources should be strengthened.
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Background The safety of drinking water is closely related to people's health. In recent years, relevant studies have identified some health related problems with drinking water in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The complex and diverse natural environment embraced by the vast jurisdiction of the region may lead to uneven drinking water quality across the region. Objective To evaluate eight chemicals including arsenic, cadmium, chromium (hexavalent), lead, mercury, fluoride, trichloromethane, and carbon tetrachloride in urban drinking water in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021, and to provide reference for optimizing urban water supply system and ideas for further developing strategies to promote population health. Methods A total of 1228 monitoring sites were set up in urban areas of Inner Mongolia, and water samples were collected once in dry season (May) and once in wet season (August−September). Eight chemicals of interest in drinking water were detected according to the Standard examination methods for drinking water, and assessed for health risks using the health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and following the Technical guide for environmental health risk assessment of chemical exposure. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the concentrations of eight chemicals in urban drinking water by water seasons and water sample types. Results In 2021, a total of 2381 samples of urban drinking water were tested in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, including 1195 samples in wet season and 1186 samples in dry season; 389 samples of finished water and 1992 samples of tap water. The positive rates of arsenic and fluoride were 26.25% and 96.77%, respectively. The positive rates of cadmium, chromium (hexavalent), lead, mercury, trichloromethane, and carbon tetrachloride were 6.22%, 16.63%, 6.09%, 16.67%, 18.98%, and 8.36%, respectively. The exceeding standard rate of fluoride was 4.87%. Trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride were qualified in all samples. There were statistical differences in the concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium (hexavalent), lead, and carbon tetrachloride in urban drinking water between water seasons (Z=−3.847, P<0.05; Z=2.464, P=0.014; Z=−3.129, P=0.002; Z=4.341, P<0.05; Z=4.342, P<0.05). Only fluoride concentration was found statistically different among different water sample types (Z=−2.287, P=0.022). The non-carcinogenic risks of ingestion and dermal exposure to each chemical in drinking water by water seasons and water sample types were all less than 1, but the P95 total non-carcinogenic risks of oral exposure were greater than 1. The P95 carcinogenic risks of oral exposure to some chemicals in drinking water by water seasons and water sample types were>10−4, which suggested carcinogenic risks, while the carcinogenic risks of dermal explore to chemicals were all less than 10−6. Conclusion In 2021, urban drinking water in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is generally safe, but arsenic, cadmium, chromium (hexavalent), lead, mercury, and fluoride still exceed the national limits, posing certain health risks.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the current usage status of OTC drug among residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， and to provide evidence for the science popularization of rational drug use. METHODS By approximate random sampling， the questionnaire survey was conducted with the mini-apps Questionnaire Star among the residents aged 19 and above from 7 league or cities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， in order to investigate the current situation of OTC drug use in the region. RESULTS A total of 611 people filled in the questionnaire， and 571 people filled in the questionnaire effectively， with an effective filling rate of 93.45%. According to the results， 18.7% of residents said they did not understand the concept of OTC drugs， 36.1% of residents said they did not know the OTC drug label， and 65.3% of residents did not know the difference between class A and B OTC drugs in terms of OTC drug awareness. And there were statistically significant differences in the scores of OTC drug awareness among different genders， education levels， monthly income and places of residence （P＜0.05）. When choosing OTC drugs， 23.5% of residents still believed in advertisements or friends’ recommendations； 14.5% of the residents did not read the drug instructions carefully before taking drugs. In terms of drug risk， 5.1% of residents had long-term use of OTC drugs； 8.6% of residents reported taking three or more OTC drugs； 2.1% of residents often added other drugs with the same effect or increased the dosage by themselves. They took traditional Chinese medicine， Mongolian medicine and other preparations while taking OTC drugs， accounting for 19.6%， 22.6% and 13.0% respectively. CONCLUSIONS Residents in Inner Mongolia have low awareness of OTC drugs， and their habits of drug use need to be improved. Repeated drug use and overdose drug use are serious， it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and popularization of rational use of OTC drugs.
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Objective To comprehensively obtain the present situation of medical radiation protection resources by investigating the basic information of all medical institutions in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China from 2017 to 2019. Methods An investigation was conducted on the basic information of medical institutions according to the unified plan of medical radiation protection monitoring project issued in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, involving all radiodiagnostic medical institutions throughout the region. Results By the end of 2019, there were 1195 radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions, 7285 radiation workers, 2705 sets of radiological diagnostic equipment, 36 medical accelerators, and 22 sets of nuclear medicine equipment in the whole region. Conclusion The radiological diagnosis and treatment resources in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are developing rapidly. However, the problems of insufficient per capita resources and uneven development among the cities are becoming increasingly prominent.
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Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among five high-risk populations in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, so as to provide insights into improvements in the control strategy for hepatitis C. @*Methods@#The detection of anti-HCV antibody was collected from patients receiving renal dialysis, patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment in hospitals, physical examination populations, unpaid blood donors and subjects admitted to family planning clinics in national hepatitis C surveillance sentinels in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2021, and the year-, gender- and age-specific prevalence of anti-HCV antibody was analyzed. @*Results@#The mean prevalence of anti-HCV antibody was 2.19%, 1.81%, 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.03% among 3 600 patients receiving renal dialysis, 3 600 patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment in hospitals, 18 000 physical examination populations, 18 000 volunteer blood donors and 3 600 subjects admitted to family planning clinics, respectively. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibody appeared a tendency towards a decline among patients receiving renal dialysis (χ2trend=49.065, P<0.001) and volunteer blood donors (χ2trend=11.419, P=0.001). The prevalence of anti-HCV antibody was higher among male patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment in hospitals than among females (2.34% vs. 1.36%; χ2=4.826, P=0.028), and no gender-specific prevalence of anti-HCV antibody was seen among other four high-risk populations (all P>0.05). The highest prevalence of anti-HCV antibody was detected among patients receiving renal dialysis (3.30%) and patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment in hospitals at ages of 50 to 59 years (3.35%), while the highest prevalence was found among physical examination populations at ages of 60 years and greater (0.18%). @*Conclusion@#The prevalence of anti-HCV antibody was high among patients receiving renal dialysis and patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment in hospitals and low among physical examination populations, volunteer blood donors and subjects admitted to family planning clinics in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2021. Periodical monitoring of anti-HCV antibody is recommended among the elderly.
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Objective To investigate the distribution and changing trend of canine echinococcosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, so as to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control of canine echinococcosis in high-risk areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Methods All data pertaining to Echinococcus infections in canine feces and sampling survey of human echinococcosis were collected from the echinococcosis-endemic foci of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2018, and the prevalence of Echinococcus infections was investigated in dogs and humans. In addition, the spatial distribution characteristics and clusters of canine echinococcoses were identified. Results A total of 164 139 canine fecal samples were detected in the echinococcosis-endemic foci of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2018, and there were 2 136 fecal samples positive for Echinococcus coproantigens. The positive rates of Echinococcus coproantigens were 0.54% to 1.73% in dogs from 2012 to 2018, with a tendency towards a decline seen in the prevalence of Echinococcus infections in dogs (χ2 = 108.83, P < 0.01), and there was a significant difference in the positive rate of Echinococcus coproantigens in dogs among years (χ2 = 155.27, P < 0.01). Three-dimensional trend analysis showed that canine echinococcosis was mainly concentrated in east of central Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and a high prevalence was detected in New Barag Right Banner and Sonid Right Banner. The global spatial distribution of canine echinococcosis appeared a random pattern in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2018 (Moran’s I > 0, P > 0.05), and there were “high-high” and “high-low” clusters of canine echinococcosis in local areas. The prevalence of human echinococcosis was 0.08%, and there was a significant difference in the prevalence among regions (χ2 = 147.61, P < 0.01), with a high prevalence seen in West Ujimqin Banner, Jarud Banner and New Barag Right Banner. In addition, the prevalence of human echinococcosis correlated positively with the Echinococcus coproantigen-positive rate in dogs (r = 0.52, P < 0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of Echinococcus infections shows an overall tendency towards a decline in dogs in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2018, with a high prevalence found in New Barag Right Banner and Sonid Right Banner. Human echinococcosis is concentrated in clusters of canine echinococcosis, where health education and targeted control interventions requires to be intensified.
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OBJECTIVE: To understand the distribution characteristics of new silicosis cases in Inner Mongolia from 2006 to 2018.METHODS: Through the Pneumoconiosis Report Card of Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Monitoring Information System, a subsystem of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, the data of new cases of silicosis reported in Inner Mongolia from 2006 to 2018 were collected and analyzed by routine data analytic method. RESULTS: A total of 903 new cases of silicosis were reported in this area from 2006 to 2018. Most of the cases are in males that account for 98.8%(892/903). Among them, there were 536 cases of silicosis stage Ⅰ, 259 cases of silicosis stage Ⅱand 108 cases of silicosis stage Ⅲ. The median age of onset was 48 years old and the median length of service for dust exposure was 11.4 years. The industrial distribution was concentrated in nonferrous metal mining and dressing, coal mining and washing, accounting for 66.2% and 9.3% respectively. Private enterprise was the main economic type, accounting for 64.3%. The enterprises were dominated by small-and medium-sized enterprises, accounting for 35.6% and 32.0% respectively. The main types of work were rock driller and hauler, accounting for 39.4% and 17.1% respectively. The geographical distribution was dominated by Chifeng City, Bayannaoer City and Baotou City, accounting for 53.7%, 14.1% and 13.5% respectively. CONCLUSION: In order to better protect the occupational health of workers, it is necessary to strengthen the dust exposure control and protection of non-ferrous metal mining, coal mining and washing industries, private enterprises, and small-and medium-sized enterprises, rock drills and transport workers in Chifeng, Bayannaoer and Baotou Cities.
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Objective:To ascertain the level of radioactivity in drinking water in Inner Mongolia region, and analyze the reasons why the total alpha radioactivity index is high in drinking water in some areas thereof.Methods:Water samples with high total alpha radioactivity index were collected in some towns in the region on the basis of surveyed result , with the causes of abnormal radioactivity index being analyzed, using low background α radioactivity measuring instrument, microuranium analyzer, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, to estimate the accumulative effective dose caused by ingestion of radioactivity in drinking water.Results:The total alpha activity was 0.508-1.008 Bq/L in tap water samples and 0.507-1.965 Bq/L in finished water samples. Uranium concentration was 3.41-35.71 μg/L in tap water measured using laser fluorescence method and 3.62-32.61 μg/L in finished water measured using laser fluorescence method, respectively. The concentration of 238U and 232Th in tap water measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was 5.83-34.36 μg/L, 0.002-0.359 μg/L, respectively, while that in finished water was 5.62-29.41 μg/L, 0.003-0.327 μg/L, respectively. Conclusions:Based on the repeated measurement analysis of drinking water samples from some areas in Inner Mongolia, the high level of total α radioactivity in water samples is caused by uranium, and the high content of uranium leads to a high total alpha value.
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Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human echinococcosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, so as to provide evidence for the development of the precision control strategy of human echinococcosis in the region. Methods A sampling survey of human echinococcosis was conducted in 28 banners (counties, districts) of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2017, and the epidemiological characteristics were descriptively analyzed. Results A total of 90 058 residents were examined for echinococcosis in 28 banners (counties, districts) of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2017, and 71 patients were detected with echinococcosis, with a detection rate of 0.08%. No echinococcosis cases were identified in 8 banners (counties), and there were 6 banners (counties) with echinococcosis prevalence of 0.1% to 1%, and 14 with prevalence of 0 to 0.1%. The echinococcosis prevalence was significantly greater in women (0.11%) than in men (0.05%) (χ2 = 10.09, P = 0.001), and the highest prevalence was detected in patients at ages of over 50 years (38 cases, 53.52%). In addition, the highest echinococcosis prevalence was detected in herdsmen (0.14%), or in primary school children (0.13%). Conclusions Human echinococcosis is widely, but lowly prevalent in Inner Mongolia Region, with a diverse density of infections. Echinococcosis has remarkable characteristics of regional and population clusters in Inner Mongolia Region, and the management of echinococcosis requires to be reinforced in key regions and populations.
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Objective To investigate the spatial distribution patterns and changing tendency of reported echinococcosis patients in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2018, so as to provide the evidence for the management of echinococcosis in high-risk areas. Methods All data pertaining to echinococcosis patients in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were captured from the National Notifiable Communicable Disease Reporting System from 2013 to 2018 and analyzed using a spatial epidemiological method. Results The incidence of reported echinococcosis was 0.22 to 0.41 per 100 000 in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2018, and the number of banner reporting echinococcosis patients increased from 24 in 2013 to 39 in 2018. The highly prevalent areas of echinococcosis were mainly concentrated in West Ujimqin Banner (the highest incidence, 19.23 per 100 000), East Ujimqin Banner (the highest incidence, 12.93 per 100 000) and New Barag Right Banner (the highest incidence, 11.66 per 100 000). Three-dimensional trend analysis showed that the areas with high incidence of reported echinococcosis were mainly located in central by eastern parts of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. There was a positive spatial autocorrelation in the number of echinococcosis patients, and the cases appeared a clustering distribution (Moran’s I > 0, P < 0.05), with “high-high” and “low-high” regions. Conclusion The reported echinococcosis patients show a spatial aggregation in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the hotspot areas are mainly concentrated in Xilingol League and Chifeng City, in which targeted control interventions for Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are recommended to be intensified.
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Objective@#To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and its trends of other infectious diarrhea diseases in infants in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.@*Methods@#Statistical analysis was conducted on other infectious diarrhea cases of infants in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control from 2005 to 2016. The main methods were descriptive epidemiology for population, area and time distribution of these registered cases in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The trends were analyzed by the ratio of fixed base and ring base. Area map method was used for regional differences.@*Results@#From 2005 to 2016, 17 760 other infectious diarrhea diseases of infants were reported in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, accounting for 58% of the total reported cases. The cases number and incidence showed an overall upward trend. After 2011, the growth rate of case reports and incidences slowed down relatively. The peak of the incidence was in July and August (4 739 cases), accounting for 27% of cases of the whole year. Seventy-three point forty-four percent of the cases were located in Hulunbeier City (5 161 cases, 29.06%), Hohhot City (4 465 cases, 25.14%) and Baotou City (3 417 cases, 19.24%) . Except for Wuhai City, the remaining 11 cities showed increased incidence of other infectious diarrhea diseases in infants. The ratio of male to female was 1.55∶1, and the incidence in males was higher than that in females every year. Twelve-month-old (5 800 cases, 33%) had the greatest proportion. Clinical diagnosis (56.26%) and confirmed diagnosis (43.51%) were the main categories, but the rate of pathogen labeling was only 7.60%.@*Conclusions@#After 2011, the incidence of other infectious diarrhea diseases of infants in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region have slowed down relatively. However, the incidence has significant time, region and population aggregation.
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Objective@#To analyze the levels of entrance surface dose (ESD) to patients from diagnostic medical X-ray examinations in Inner Mongolia autonomous region.@*Methods@#The investigation of diagnostic medical X-ray examinations was completed in 30% of the number of hospitals under the requirement of the program plan of the national survey on frequency and dose from medical exposure. The investigation of ESDs to patients from general diagnostic X-ray examinations was carried out in terms of the scale of annual outpatients in different levels of hospital. The difference in ESDs to patients was compared for different equipments, different grade hospitals and different exposure sites, with the comparison result being subjected to rank sum test.@*Results@#In all types of diagnostic medical X-ray equipment, DR photography equipment accounted for the majority. During various routine diagnostic X-ray examinations, the average ESDs was lumbar vertebral 3.39 mGy, pelvic and hip 1.65 mGy, cervical spine 0.90 mGy, extremities 0.38 mGy and thorax 0.37 mGy, respectively. In the diagnostic examinations of chest, lumbar and cervical spine, the ESDs caused by the use of screen film photography equipment were higher than those by DR photography equipment, with statistically significant difference (Z=-3.229, -4.820, -5.265, P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Screen film photography equipment results in higher ESD than DR photography equipment. The doctor′s operation behavior is an important factor that affects the ESD.
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Objective To analyze the levels of entrance surface dose (ESD) to patients from diagnostic medical X-ray examinations in Inner Mongolia autonomous region.Methods The investigation of diagnostic medical X-ray examinations was completed in 30％ of the number of hospitals under the requirement of the program plan of the national survey on frequency and dose from medical exposure.The investigation of ESDs to patients from general diagnostic X-ray examinations was carried out in terms of the scale of annual outpatients in different levels of hospital.The difference in ESDs to patients was compared for different equipments,different grade hospitals and different exposure sites,with the comparison result being subjected to rank sum test.Results In all types of diagnostic medical X-ray equipment,DR photography equipment accounted for the majority.During various routine diagnostic X-ray examinations,the average ESDs was lumbar vertebral 3.39 mGy,pelvic and hip 1.65 mGy,cervical spine 0.90 mGy,extremities 0.38 mGy and thorax 0.37 mGy,respectively.In the diagnostic examinations of chest,lumbar and cervical spine,the ESDs caused by the use of screen film photography equipment were higher than those by DR photography equipment,with statistically significant difference (Z =-3.229,-4.820,-5.265,P＜0.05).Conclusions Screen film photography equipment results in higher ESD than DR photography equipment.The doctor's operation behavior is an important factor that affects the ESD.
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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and its trends of other infectious diarrhea diseases in infants in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on other infectious diarrhea cases of infants in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control from 2005 to 2016.The main methods were descriptive epidemiology for population,area and time distribution of these registered cases in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.The trends were analyzed by the ratio of fixed base and ring base.Area map method was used for regional differences.Results From 2005 to 2016,17 760 other infectious diarrhea diseases of infants were reported in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,accounting for 58％of the total reposed cases.The cases number and incidence showed an overall upward trend.After 2011,the growth rate of case reports and incidences slowed down relatively.The peak of the incidence was in July and August(4 739 cases),accounting for27％of cases of the whole year.Seventy-three point forty-four percent of the cases were located in Hulunbeier City(5 161 cases,29.06％),Hohhot City(4 465 cases,25.14％)and Baotou City(3 417 cases,19.24％).Except for Wuhai City.the remaining 11 cities showed increased incidence of other infectious diarrhea diseases in infants.The ratio of male to female was 1.55∶1,and the incidence in males was higher than that in females every year.Twelve-month-old(5 800 cases,33％)had the greatest proportion.Clinical diagnosis(56.26％)and confirmed diagnosis(43.51％)were the main categories,but the rate of pathogen labeling was only 7.60％.Conclusions After 2011,the incidence of other infectious diarrhea diseases of infants in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region have slowed down relatively.However,the incidence has significant time,region and population aggregation.
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Objective:To calculate the government and society financing limit under different compensation schemes in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,forecast the funding level for the next 5 years;to analyze the financing ability of government and society under different compensation schemes in the process of integration of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Methods:Based on the Even Difference Grey model,it simulated and forecasted the government and social future financing levels for the next 5 years.Based on the Synthetic Degree of Incidence model,it analyzed the feasibility of government and society under different compensation schemes.Results:No matter under which type of compensation schemes,the funding body of government and society occupied a dominant position,and the amount of financing has increased rapidly.From 2011 to 2015,the growth rate was above doubled.In the next 5 years,the growth rate has reached to tripled.According to the calculation of 3 types of compensation schemes(30％ of outpatients and 60％ of hospitalized patients,30％ of outpatients and 70％ of hospitalized patients,40％of outpatients and 70％ of hospitalized),the government and society financing was more feasible under these three types of compensation schemes.Conclusion:The amount of government and social financing raising continues to increase,it faced enormous challenges.In terms of feasibility,there were 3 types of compensation programs which were more reasonable.
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Objective:To calculate the individual financing amount of residents under different compensation schemes in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and to analyze the feasibility of financing individual residents in the process of integration of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Methods:Based on the absolute correlation model,the relative correlation model and the comprehensive correlation degree,it calculated the individual financing quota of different compensation schemes in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2015,and analyzed the feasibility of its financing.Results:The increase in the amount of funds required for the residents in 5 years was more than 2 times,and the average annual growth rate was more than 25％.These three types of compensation programs(30％ outpatients + 70％ hospitalized).The correlation degree of the compensation scheme (40％ outpatient service + 70％ hospitalization) was between 0.60 and 0.85.The correlation degree of the compensation scheme was relatively high,which reached to 0.920.The correlation degree of these five compensation schemes was relatively low,which reached to 0.508.Conclusion:The amount of funding required for individual residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region increased by years.The three types of compensation programs(30％ outpatient service + 70％ hospitalization) were more feasible than the four types of compensation programs(40％ outpatient service + 70％ hospitalization).
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Objective:To calculate the medical compensation fee,management fee and risk reserve in the medical insurance fund of Inner Mongolia,calculate the total financing amount of the medical insurance fund under the different compensation scheme in 2011-2015 and the amount of fund-raising fund of the per capita health insurance fund,and study the financing feasibility of urban and rural areas in Inner Mongolia in the integration process of Basic Medical Insurance for urban and rural residents.Methods:The medical insurance fund under different compensation schemes in Inner Mongolia was calculated by using the residual qualified model,the correlation degree qualified model,the variance ratio qualified model and the small error probability qualified model.Results:The average health insurance fund under the five compensation schemes in 2011-2015 was between 521.43 yuan and 2012.27 yuan.The five compensation schemes were to be raised between 128.85 yuan and 49.73 billion yuan respectively.Based on different kinds of compensation program,the financing amount of basic medical insurance fund for urban and rural residents in Inner Mongolia increased by years.The average annual growth rate was 20％,the average annual growth rate of per capita health insurance fund financing was 10％.Conclusion:The amount of fund raising increased quickly by years with high financing pressure.This was a difficult task for the advancement of the integration of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in Inner Mongolia.Meanwhile,it provided a scientific and effective financing plan of insurance fund for promoting the integration of basic medical insurance in Inner Mongolia.
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Objective:To estimate the medical compensation fees in medical insurance fund under different compensation schemes in Inner Mongolia,and to study the feasibility of financing in the integration process of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Methods:Based on the method of ratio method,original difference GM (1,1) model,Delphi method and moving average,the medical compensation fees under different compensation schemes in Inner Mongolia in 2015 was calculated.Results:Ignoring the factors such as pay line and cap line,the total compensation for medical expenses under the five medical compensation schemes were 18.778 billion yuan,25.355 billion yuan,30.351 billion yuan,32.346 billion yuan and 46.04 billion yuan.Conclusion:Based on the measurement of medical compensation under different compensation schemes,it calculated the financing amount of the integration of medical insurance,analyzed the feasibility of the basic medical insurance financing in Inner Mongolia.In the treatment of growth factors,insurance factors and other indicators,the innovative use of a variety of methods combined approach,scientific and effective calculation of the growth factor and insurance factor,revised a part of the annual growth factor which had large growth,the insurance factor value was too high and other problem,in order to accurately assess the medical compensation.
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Objective To find out about the sanitary conditions of drinking water along the border line of Inner Mongolia via safety evaluation of drinking water along the border line of Inner Mongolia.Methods 108 samples of drinking water along the border line of Inner Mongolia(70 samples of self-supply source water,21 ones of self-supply tap water and 17 ones of municipal tap water)were collected.Hygienic evaluation of sensory indexes, normal chemical indexes, toxicological indexes and microbiology indexes of water quality was performed according to hygienic standards for drinking water(GB 5749—2006).Results 58 samples were qualified with a total qualified rate of 53.7%.The unqualified rate of the total number of coliforms was the highest(20.4%),followed by fluoride(19.4%).As for deep wells, shallow wells and surface water,there was no statistically significant difference.Compared with municipal tap water,the unqualified rate of self-supply water(28.6%)was higher(17.7%).Conclusion The qualified rate along the border line of Inner Mongolia of drinking water is low.Treatment and disinfection facilities for drinking water,detection devices of water quality are needed.The cleaning and disinfection of storage tanks should be performed periodically in oder to prevent waterborne infectious diseases.
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Objective:To study the influence of regional population and health input on public hospital operation by empirical analysis.Methods:Taking Chifeng Municipal Hospital and Xilingol League Hospital as samples and applies contrastive analysis to this essay.Results:Chifeng Municipal Hospital had 4 times of patients and 2 times of total health input than Xilingol League Hospital.Chifeng Municipal Hospital could better receive the fund for general hospital operation and had little reliability on the fiscal.Conclusion:The public hospitals located in low population density area could not adopt the same medical reform policies as other hospitals in different areas.It needed to give support for medical insurance payment and price adjustment,especially for fiscal compensation.